Gene therapy

Gene therapy is integrated with the normal gene into the cells, to correction and replacement of a disease gene therapy. Currently in broad terms, some will be transferred to the genetic material of cells, in its role to achieve the objective method of treatment of disease, but also that of gene therapy. At present gene therapy, the method used can basically be divided into the following: 1  DNA Correction DNA correction that will be linked pathogenic DNA base pairs to correct the anomaly, and normal part be retained. 2. DNA replacement DNA replacement is to use the normal DNA in DNA by homologous recombination, in situ lesions replacement cells pathogen DNA, the DNA within the cell to fully return to normal conditions. 3. The addition of DNA DNA will be added to that purpose DNA into cells or other cell disease, removing abnormal DNA, but through DNA purpose of the non-targeting, the expression of compensation to the function of DNA defects or the original function has been strengthened. At present DNA for use of such methods. This approach is the addition of the more dominant DNA for the treatment of recessive disease. 4. DNA inactivation Early generally refers to anti-sense DNA technology. It is the specific anti-RNA, including antisense RNA, antisense and ribozymes DNA into cells, transcription and translation in blocking the abnormal expression of certain genes. In recent years another anti-gene strategy, peptide nucleic acid, DNA and RNA interference removal. [DNA is the genetic material of all biological basis: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a nucleic acid category, because of the presence of deoxyribose named. DNA molecules very large (at least in general molecular weight over 1 million), the main component is deoxynucleotidyl adenine, guanine deoxynucleotidyl, thymine and cytosine deoxynucleotidyl deoxynucleotidyl. DNA found in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, can also be free to exist in some state of the cell cytoplasm. Most of the known phage, part of a small number of plant and animal virus also contain the virus in the DNA. In addition to RNA (ribonucleic acid) and the phage, DNA is the genetic material of all biological basis. Parent-child organisms and the similarity between the so-called inheritance of genetic information, are stored in the DNA molecule. 1953,詹姆斯沃森and Francis Crick describe the structure of DNA: from one-to-many linked nucleotide composition of each other coiled double helix. They and London's National Institute of Technology physicist Frederick Ke Wei Er Jinsi shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. [Obesity gene -- The Royal London Hospital scientists found that obesity in the body, there is a unique function of the gene, the gene of the three members of the body of the chromosome. As the obesity gene existed only in the body, so scientists call it "fat gene." The study found that obesity gene can promote the body to create a transport fat in the blood protein - "APO-D" gene. The gene, the more fat the more fluent of blood transmission, the accumulation of body fat also the more people will be obese. Below scientists did an interesting experiment: Let a pair of carrying the obesity gene mice mating, the results of each roll and future generations of wandering round melon, which is tantamount to meat ball, and did not allow a mouse obesity gene for mating, birth The less fat in mice, each are very thin. Genetic scientists in accordance with this model, can also produce the body of fat at 20 to 50 percent of the Feishou different degrees of mice. Further found that the genetic obesity and the situation is slightly different from rodents, a generational genetic. That is, people can observe, in a considerable number of families, fat grandmother would not normally be obese gene passed on to their children, but passed on to her grandchildren. Scientists also found that obesity-related genes more than one. For example, New York, a Rockefeller University research team recently announced that they After eight years of long study, found that a control appetite and energy metabolism genes. It is said that this gene to the brain can send a signal to stop eating, so that the masters of the brain weakened appetite timely, in order to avoid excess energy if the gene variation, the owner will be increased appetite, Tanzui eat, and eventually become A big fat man. Further research revealed that the gene from the 4500 base component, part of which can produce from 167 amino acids of the protein. If this normal protein synthesis, will be sent to the brain's signal to stop eating if the protein coding the amino acid composition of coding the first 105 amino acid residues of the unusual base, the signal will stop eating failure, leading to obesity.